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Regionals Projects>GF_TADs |
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MEETING GF-TADs – Determination of resources for prevention
of Avian Influenza in the American Region
Buenos Aires - Argentina9 and 10 February 2006
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Strategic outlines for Avian
Influenza prevention in the AmericasGF TADs1.
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Backgrounds
The Global framework for the Progressive Control of Transboundary
Animal Diseases (GF-TADs) for the American Continent focusing
on the use of specialists and regional institutions resources
to the utmost, and considering that the Avian Influenza (AI)
is one of the priorities diseases for the region, encouraged
that i) the Permanent Veterinary Committee of the South Cone
(CVP) convened an Ad hoc Group on Avian Influenza (GIA ) to
review , harmonize and improve AI prevention measures that
countries are implementing, and to identify factors to be
considered for a Regional Strategy by taking the recommendations
and inputs of international organizations into account.
Because of that the GIA met in Santiago de Chile in 24 and
25 January 2006 in order to identify sanitary prevention programs,
implemented by each CVP member countries and to set up a regional
strategy.
The GIA of CVP prepared a document on "Regional Strategy
on Avian Influenza Prevention" as a basis for the Outlines
for Strategic Prevention of avian Influenza in the Americas.
ii) that has served to set up this Strategic Outlines for
Avian Influenza Prevention in the Americas and was completed
during the III Meeting of the Inter-American Committee on
Avian Health (CISA), hold in Buenos Aires, Argentina in 7-9
February 2006.
This document shows the objectives, strategies and actions
to be developed by the Veterinary Services and the Regional
and International Organizations. iii) The document was completed
and adopted during the GF-TADs Extraordinary Meeting on HPAI,
hold in Buenos Aires, Argentina in 9-10 February 2006, that
will serve as base for prevention and control of GF-TADs Avian
Influenza strategies in the American Continent.
2. Introduction
According to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE)
Terrestrial Code, the Avian Influenza is considered a disease
of compulsory notification, which has the characteristics
of a transborder disease and also a zoonoses, that causes
birds high morbidity and mortality.
It has been demonstrated that the introduction of the virus
in different geographic areas throughout international trade,
illegal movement of birds and wild bird migration, among other
factors implies a worldwide risk including countries of the
Americas .
Aviculture is a relevant social and economic activity in
the Americas. In some countries aviculture is an important
export industry for poultry and poultry products worldwide
and as an important and low cost animal protein source for
human food.
Because of that, the introduction of the virus to any country
of the Americas will have important sanitary, social and economic
consequences , as well as a risk to public health and food
security. In this context Veterinary Services of the Americas
and the International and Regional Organizations connected
with animal health have developed various measures and contingency
plans to face an eventual introduction of the virus.
However, there are differences among countries in regards
to legislation and measures to protect, prevent, control and
eradicate an AI outbreak; active and passive epidemiological
surveillance; early detection; national laboratories diagnostic
capacity, biosecurity measures in different sectors of aviculture,
movement control, and management , plans and program financing.
Because of these findings the CVP and CISA have established
strategic outlines within the framework of GF-TADs, that will
serve as base for developing coordinated actions at the regional
and international level of Veterinary Services, Health Services,
International and Regional Organizations, Private sector and
Donors, among others.
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| 3. Objectives |
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1. To prevent introduction of avian Influenza virus to poultry
and the consequences resulting from losses in production and
trade, and in animal health and public health.
2. To develop methodologies and procedures for a rapid and
reliable early detection of the virus
3. To determine control and eradication actions, concerning
an AI outbreak allowing for recovery of AI-free status within
as short a term as possible and by following the guidelines
of the OIE and SPS agreement of the WTO.
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| 4. Strategy |
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4.1. System for the Prevention
of Introduction AI
To reinforce the OIE Member Countries within the framework of
OIE guidelines and recommendations concerning the prevention
of the introduction of AI |
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To
a national leve
l4.1.1. To elaborate and update national plans for the prevention
of the introduction of AI.
4.1.2. To update import and quarantine procedures as to lower
AI introduction risk to countries
4.1.3. To carry out control actions to prevent smuggling of
birds and bird products across borders.
4.1.4. To legislate, apply standards and control levels of biosecurity
to poultry farms in different production types and to promote
good avian practices
4.1.5. To legislate and control live bird movement and poultry
products in the countries.
4.1.6. To elaborate and carry out training programs on AI, devoted
to veterinarians, veterinary technicians and assistants, working
along borders, local and regional offices of each Veterinary
Service and other public and private organizations.
4.1.7. To set up and carry out education campaigns addressed
to interested groups and the public on sanitary measures.
4.1.8. To develop and establish communication campaigns addressed
to interested groups and the public.
4.1.9. To establish joint working methodology for the Public
Health and Environment Services and other Government Organizations
to reduce risk to public health from an AI outbreak.
4.1.10. To evaluate Veterinary Services according to OIE Standards.
To a Regional/Continental level
4.1.11. To conduct risk analyses on the potential for the introduction
of AI according to the World Organization for Animal Health
(OIE) Terrestrial Code by forming a Continental Group.
4.1.12. To form a inter-disciplinary and inter-institutional
regional working group to characterize migratory bird pathways
in the Americas with an emphasis on waterfowl by areas of concentration
, species, season, geographic relation with other bird species
with the objective of establishing and implementing epidemiologic
surveillance programs. |
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4.2 Epidemiological Surveillance Systems
Improve the epidemiological surveillance systems, in poultry
and other bird populations, considered at risk and to conduct
risk analysis according to the guidelines and recommendations
by means of a continental sanitary information mechanism based
on the reporting system of the OIE Terrestrial Code surveillance
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To a national
level
4.2.1. To define poultry population of each country through
a census, that is geographically referenced and types production
systems.
4.2.2. To propose guidelines that define a suspect AI event
and facilitates early detection, alert and notification between
countries.
4.2.3 To encourage an efficient animal health information system
to share information of any sanitary poultry situation according
to the OIE World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) Terrestrial
Code guidelines and recommendations.
4.2.4. To establish a surveillance program for migratory, wild
and domestic birds
.4.2.5. Increase AI monitoring in poultry, backyard flocks and
live bird markets with a focus on poultry population located
near wild, aquatic and migratory bird settlements or near to
commercial poultry exploitation
4.2.6. Encourage public (Health Ministry, Universities, Research
Institutes, etc.) and private organizations to develop AI epidemiological
surveillance activities.
To a Continental level
4.2.7. To maintain a regional AI information system with definitions
and working methodology based on the OIE animal health information
system.
4.2.8. To harmonize monitoring programs for domestic and wild
birds
4.2.9. To evaluate the capacity of Veterinary Services for epidemiological
surveillance , outbreak control and eradication capacity of
AI.
4.2.10. To develop coordinated AI epidemiological surveillance
activities with national, international public and non governmental
organizations |
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4.3. Eradication
and Control Actions
To improve early and effective response to an AI outbreak and
to apply contingency measures to avoid spread of the disease
and allow for recovery AI disease-free status in as short a
time as possible and lowest possible cost. |
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To a national
level
4.3.1. To elaborate and update AI contingency plans through
coordinated actions among Animal Health and Public Health organizations
in the Americas, taking into account animal welfare, stamping
out, vaccination and disposal of carcasses with consideration
of the environmental impact.
4.3.2. To exercise AI outbreak simulations to practice the national
actions plan for unforeseen situations
4.3.3. To establish economic compensation and recovery mechanisms
in case of stamping out due to an AI outbreak, and to consider
cooperation among the countries of the Americas.
4.3.4. To encourage strategies on zones, regions and compartments
in each country as well as regionally in the Americas according
to OIE Standards.
4.3.5. To develop a risk communication policy at a national
level.
To a Continental level
4.3.6. To encourage a Continental AI contingency plan.
4.3.7. To develop a continental risk communication policy.
4.3.8. To harmonize criteria and strategies on zones, regions
and compartments according to OIE Standards.
4.3.9. To exercise AI simulation with the participation of all
OIE Country Members and other interested countries and organizations
as to practice the continental contingency plan for unforeseen
situations. |
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4.4.
Diagnostic Capacity
To encourage OIE Country Members to achieve their current and
future needs concerning AI diagnostic capacity , prevention,
surveillance and eradication by acquiring appropriate equipment
, hiring competent technical personnel and quality assurance. |
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To a national level
4.4.1. To train veterinarians to develop AI epidemiological
clinical diagnostic skills
4.4.2 To determine the AI diagnostic capacity of each OIE
Member Country and view to reinforcing harmonization.
4.4.3. To implement rapid diagnostic tests, that are sensible
and validated in the field according to the OIE Terrestrial
Manual.
To a regional level
4.4.4. To encourage establishment of at least one Reference
Laboratory for AI in Latin-America and the Caribbean, as well
as a diagnostic network.
4.4.5. To improve AI diagnostic capability by implementing
cooperative projects and hiring specialists with technical
knowledge to train official laboratories professionals in
diagnostic tests according to the countries' needs.
4.4.6. To adopt OIE standardized AI diagnostic protocols in
official and private laboratories to obtain standardized results
and to establish a permanent monitoring program that assures
diagnostic quality.
4.4.7. To assist laboratories to produce and distribute AI
diagnostic reagents according to the needs of the countries
in the Americas.
4.4.8 To establish minimum biosecurity and biological security
requirements for AI virus handling and quality standards,
in official and private diagnostic, research and reagent and
biologics production laboratories of the countries of the
Americas.
4.4.9. To legislate diagnostic and research activities in
official and private laboratories, research centers, biological
production plants, Universities, and others. Standards should
include supervision, official regulation, immediate and compulsory
and immediate notification of disease occurrence to officials
using approved protocols on research of AI active virus projects,
according to OIE Standards.
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5. Financing
It is essential to assure provision of financial resources and
access to related technologies to strengthen national and continental
AI prevention strategy. |
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5.4.1. To encourage governments and the private
sector to identify funding to carry out and strengthen the actions
in this document.5.4.2. To encourage GF-TADs to find resources
to support countries' economical needs to implement actions
against AI in the Americas |
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